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With his all-American good looks, Robert Redford, who died on Tuesday aged 89 was the eternal “Sundance Kid”, a US screen legend both in front of and behind the camera.

The tousled-haired heartthrob made his breakthrough alongside Paul Newman as the affable outlaw in the Western “Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid” in 1969.

After 20 years as one of Hollywood’s hottest actors, he moved behind the camera becoming an Oscar-winning director and co-founded the Sundance Film Festival, which became a springboard for a new generation of independent filmmakers like Quentin Tarantino.

“Few careers have had such an impact on the history of cinema,” said French producer Alain Terzian before awarding him the French equivalent of an Oscar in 2019.

READ ALSO: Five Top Films Robert Redford Starred In

(FILES) US actor and director Robert Redford poses on May 22, 2013 during a photocall for the film “All is Lost” presented Out of Competition at the 66th edition of the Cannes Film Festival in Cannes. (Photo by Anne-Christine POUJOULAT / AFP)

 

Outlaw

But the athletic young Redford’s beginnings were far from a smooth ascent to the top. The son of an accountant from Santa Monica, California, his mother died in 1955, a year after he finished high school.

He won a scholarship to the University of Colorado thanks to his baseball skills, but lost it a year later because of his heavy drinking.

Redford spent the next months travelling around Europe before enrolling in the American Academy of Dramatic Arts in 1959.

A photo taken on September 1, 2017 shows US actors Jane Fonda and Robert Redford attending the premier of the movie “Our Souls at Night” during the 74th Venice Film Festival at Venice Lido. (Photo by Filippo MONTEFORTE / AFP)

 

After various television roles, his first big screen break was in the romantic comedy “Barefoot In The Park” (1967) opposite Jane Fonda.

Two years later his career went stellar with “Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid” about two outlaw buddies who flee to Bolivia to escape US authorities.

The film became an instant classic, launching Redford and burnishing the career of the older Newman, who became a lifelong friend.

The pair also teamed up as 1930s con artists in “The Sting” (1973), which won Redford his only nomination for an Oscar for best actor.

(FILES) US actor and director Robert Redford applauds on stage of the 44th edition of the Cesar Film Awards ceremony at the Salle Pleyel in Paris on February 22, 2019. (Photo by Bertrand GUAY / AFP)

Behind the camera

Now a household name, he starred in a succession of major films such as “The Great Gatsby” (1974), “Three Days of the Condor” (1975) and the critically acclaimed “All the President’s Men” (1976), playing Bob Woodward, one of the Washington Post journalists who broke the Watergate scandal.

In another career high, he won an Oscar for his directorial debut with “Ordinary People” in 1980.

The baseball classic “The Natural” followed in 1984 before Redford had another generation of women swooning in the epic romance “Out of Africa” (1985), in which he starred alongside Meryl Streep.

(FILES) Photo taken in May 1972 shows US actor Robert Redford (L) and director Sydney Pollack during the International Film Festival in Cannes. (Photo by AFP)

‘Very Smart, Very Private’

He went on to star with a young Brad Pitt in “A River Runs Through It” (1992) and the Oscar-nominated “Quiz Show” (1994).

“At one time I thought when I was making films… that might have an effect on the country or the future,” he told AFP in 2007. “I don’t think so anymore.”

“If you look at ‘All The President’s Men’ and what it was saying about the relationship between the media and government and the corporate powers, and then look where we are now, it’s worse than it was,” he added.

“Robert Redford’s work… always represents the man himself: the intellectual, the artist, the cowboy,” said singer Barbra Streisand as she presented the avowed liberal and environmentalist with a Lifetime Achievement Oscar in 2002.

The actress, who played his lover in “The Way We Were” (1973), said: “He’s always interesting, he’s always interested. He’s very smart, very private, he’s self-assured, but shy.”

 

Indie guru

This photo taken on April 14, 2008 shows actors Robert Redford and Meryl Streep attending the Film Society of Lincoln Center 35th Gala Tribute to Meryl Streep in New York City. (Photo by Andrew H. Walker / Getty Images North America / AFP)

 

Redford always saw his part in launching the independent Sundance Film Festival in 1985 as one of his greatest achievements.

Created to help aspiring filmmakers disaffected with Hollywood’s commercialism and lack of diversity, it has fostered leading independent directors such as Jim Jarmusch, Tarantino and Steven Soderbergh.

In 2013 Redford said that by pursuing the indie path, he had ensured his own survival in the movie business.

“Had I given in to living in the (Hollywood) system, I don’t know that I would be here right now.”

 

#Metoo

(FILES) US actor and director Robert Redford (R) meets with Pope Francis during the Pope’s weekly general audience on December 4, 2019 at St. Peter’s Square in the Vatican. (Photo by Vincenzo PINTO / AFP)

 

Aged 76, he was back on screen for one of his meatiest starring roles in years, a solo performance as a lost-at-sea yachtsman in “All Is Lost” (2013).

He also had a role in Marvel Studios’ superhero blockbuster “Captain America: The Winter Soldier” (2014) and a cameo in its record-shattering “Avengers: Endgame” (2019).

In 2018 Redford said that the greatest change in Hollywood over his 60-year career had been the #MeToo movement, a “tipping point” he said would change the industry’s attitudes towards women and sexual misconduct.

Redford had four children with his first wife, Lola Van Wagenen, one of whom died as an infant.

He married German artist and longtime girlfriend Sibylle Szaggars in 2009.

The post Robert Redford, Hollywood’s Golden Boy With A Midas Touch appeared first on Channels Television.

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From Tramadol to Canadian to Exol-5 The New Drug Destroying Nigerian Youths An Investigative Article .From Tramadol to Canadian to Exol-5: The New Drug Destroying Nigerian Youths An Investigative Report on the Shifting Landscape of Substance Abuse in Nigeria Nigeria faces a severe and evolving drug crisis, particularly among its youth. What began with the widespread abuse of Tramadol has progressed through mixtures like “Canadian” to newer pharmaceutical diversions such as Exol-5. This shift reflects deeper issues: easy access to prescription drugs, weak regulation, socioeconomic pressures, and aggressive street-level marketing. NDLEA operations and health studies reveal a public health emergency that threatens an entire generation. Phase 1: The Tramadol Epidemic (2010s–Early 2020s) Tramadol, a synthetic opioid prescribed for moderate to severe pain, became Nigeria’s most notorious street drug. Cheap, potent, and widely smuggled (often from India and other Asian countries), it offered users energy, euphoria, and pain relief — appealing to commercial drivers, laborers, students, and young men seeking confidence or stamina. Scale of the Problem: Millions of tablets seized annually by NDLEA. High prevalence among young males aged 15–35. Linked to increased crime, sexual violence, organ damage (kidney failure, seizures), and mental health breakdowns. Contributed to broader opioid misuse alongside codeine cough syrups. Government responses included tighter import controls and public awareness campaigns, but these only displaced demand to other substances rather than eliminating it. Phase 2: The Rise of “Canadian” (Mid-2020s) “Canadian” or “Canadian Loud” emerged as a popular code for high-grade cannabis (often indica-dominant strains) or cannabis mixed with other synthetics. It gained traction as users sought alternatives or combinations to Tramadol’s effects. This phase marked a move toward imported or locally cultivated premium weed, sometimes laced with stronger chemicals. Youths in urban centers like Lagos, Kano, Jos, and Onitsha embraced it for its perceived “cleaner” high compared to opioids. However, it fueled polydrug use — combining cannabis with opioids, sedatives, or alcohol — amplifying health risks. Phase 3: Exol-5 – The Current Threat (2024–2026) Exol-5 (Benzhexol Hydrochloride / Trihexyphenidyl 5mg), originally a prescription medication for Parkinson’s disease and drug-induced movement disorders, has become the latest pharmaceutical being heavily abused. Why Exol-5? Euphoric Effects: Users report intense euphoria, hallucinations, and a sense of detachment — making it attractive as a cheap “upper” or escape. Accessibility: Sold over-the-counter or on the black market despite being a controlled prescription drug. NDLEA has seized millions of pills in single operations (e.g., 3.1 million pills in Kano in late 2024, and over 5.6 million combined with Tramadol in other busts). Street Names: Exol, Artane, Benzhexol, “Farin Mallam” (in Northern Nigeria). Demographics: Prevalent among youths, laborers, and even psychiatric patients who divert prescriptions. Studies show abuse rates as high as 25% among certain outpatient groups. Health Consequences: Anticholinergic toxicity: Confusion, dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention, constipation, and in high doses — delirium, psychosis, seizures, and heart issues. Long-term: Cognitive impairment, addiction, exacerbated mental health disorders. Often mixed with Tramadol, codeine, or cannabis, creating dangerous synergies. In cities like Jos, Exol-5 sits alongside diazepam, Rohypnol, and Tramadol on street markets, easily available to teenagers and young adults. Why This Evolution Continues Supply-Side Failures: Porous borders, corrupt officials, and overproduction of pharmaceuticals enable diversion. Demand Drivers: Unemployment, poverty, peer pressure, trauma, and the pursuit of performance enhancement (e.g., for “hustle” culture). Weak Regulation: Many pharmacies sell restricted drugs without prescriptions. Online and street vendors fill gaps. Displacement Effect: Cracking down on one substance (Tramadol/codeine) pushes users and dealers toward the next available option. NDLEA reports ongoing large seizures, but the problem persists due to high profitability and low risk for mid-level distributors. Broader Impacts on Nigerian Youths Education: Increased dropout rates and poor academic performance. Mental Health: Rising cases of psychosis and depression. Economy: Lost productivity among the working-age population. Crime and Violence: Drug-fueled robberies, cultism, and family breakdowns. Public Health System Strain: Overburdened hospitals treating overdoses and chronic complications. Young people aged 15–39 remain the hardest hit, with national surveys showing drug use prevalence significantly above global averages. What Must Be Done Stronger Enforcement: Consistent prosecution of corrupt enablers and large-scale traffickers. Regulation: Crackdown on rogue pharmacies and better tracking of prescription drugs. Prevention & Rehabilitation: School programs, community outreach, and expanded treatment centers (currently woefully inadequate). Economic Alternatives: Address root causes like youth unemployment. Public Awareness: Honest campaigns highlighting real dangers of “Exol-5” and similar drugs. Conclusion From Tramadol’s opioid grip to “Canadian” cannabis culture and now Exol-5’s anticholinergic highs, Nigeria’s drug crisis is mutating faster than responses can contain it. Exol-5 represents the dangerous new frontier — a legitimate medicine turned youth destroyer due to misuse and greed. Without urgent, multi-layered intervention — combining supply disruption, demand reduction, and socioeconomic support — an entire generation risks being lost to addiction. The time for half-measures is over. Nigeria’s future depends on winning this fight.