Mon. May 25th, 2026
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Applications are now open for the 2025 DAWN Fellowship Programme. The fellowship focuses on The Political Economy of Gender-Based Violence and Conflict, supporting a younger woman feminist with proven commitment to women’s rights and gender justice to develop projects that deepen understanding of how gender-based violence and conflict shape gender dynamics, amplifying women’s feminist voices in public discourse.

The fellowship is expected to begin at the fellow’s convenience between 1 May 2025 to 30 June 2025.

Eligibility Criteria

  • Applicants must be women feminists under the age of 40.
  • Applicants should be from the Global South.
  • Applicants must demonstrate a commitment to feminist principles and methodologies.
  • Proposals can include research, advocacy, mobilisation, resistance, or creative expression.
  • Proposals must align with the theme of The Political Economy of Gender-Based Violence and Conflict.

Fellowship Benefits

Financial support

A stipend of USD 1,200 per month for 10 months, which can be used to cover research or project expenses, including materials, travel, and living costs. The fellowship is not intended to cover all project related costs and applicants should declare other sources of funding that might cover additional expenses.

2. Mentorship and networking Access to a network of experienced feminist researchers, advocates, and activists for guidance and support.

3. Dissemination opportunities Ability to present and publish project findings via DAWN’s platforms.

EXPECTATIONS FROM FELLOWS

1. Delivering tangible outputs as agreed upon with DAWN.

2. Completing project deliverables by the agreed deadlines.

3. Presenting their work at relevant DAWN events.

4. Registering outputs under Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. ‘

5. Submitting midterm and final reports detailing progress and outcomes.

Application Timeline:

  • Applications Deadline: 01 Mar
  • Selection Announcement: 30 Apr

Application Process

  • Proposal submission Applicants complete and submit the fellowship application form, detailing the project’s objectives, methodology, expected outcomes, and timeline.
  • Supporting documents Applicants submit a detailed CV, one letter of recommendation from a non-related referee, and a statement of motivation.
  • Project expenses Applicants submit a detailed project budget aligned with the fellowship amount.
  • Review and selection A selection committee will review the applications based on relevance, feasibility, originality, and potential impact. Shortlisted candidates may be invited for an interview to discuss their proposals in more detail.
  • Only shortlisted candidates will be informed and contacted.

Method of Apply

Interested and Qualified candidates Visit the Official Webpage of the DAWN Fellowship Programme

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By 9jabook

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From Tramadol to Canadian to Exol-5 The New Drug Destroying Nigerian Youths An Investigative Article .From Tramadol to Canadian to Exol-5: The New Drug Destroying Nigerian Youths An Investigative Report on the Shifting Landscape of Substance Abuse in Nigeria Nigeria faces a severe and evolving drug crisis, particularly among its youth. What began with the widespread abuse of Tramadol has progressed through mixtures like “Canadian” to newer pharmaceutical diversions such as Exol-5. This shift reflects deeper issues: easy access to prescription drugs, weak regulation, socioeconomic pressures, and aggressive street-level marketing. NDLEA operations and health studies reveal a public health emergency that threatens an entire generation. Phase 1: The Tramadol Epidemic (2010s–Early 2020s) Tramadol, a synthetic opioid prescribed for moderate to severe pain, became Nigeria’s most notorious street drug. Cheap, potent, and widely smuggled (often from India and other Asian countries), it offered users energy, euphoria, and pain relief — appealing to commercial drivers, laborers, students, and young men seeking confidence or stamina. Scale of the Problem: Millions of tablets seized annually by NDLEA. High prevalence among young males aged 15–35. Linked to increased crime, sexual violence, organ damage (kidney failure, seizures), and mental health breakdowns. Contributed to broader opioid misuse alongside codeine cough syrups. Government responses included tighter import controls and public awareness campaigns, but these only displaced demand to other substances rather than eliminating it. Phase 2: The Rise of “Canadian” (Mid-2020s) “Canadian” or “Canadian Loud” emerged as a popular code for high-grade cannabis (often indica-dominant strains) or cannabis mixed with other synthetics. It gained traction as users sought alternatives or combinations to Tramadol’s effects. This phase marked a move toward imported or locally cultivated premium weed, sometimes laced with stronger chemicals. Youths in urban centers like Lagos, Kano, Jos, and Onitsha embraced it for its perceived “cleaner” high compared to opioids. However, it fueled polydrug use — combining cannabis with opioids, sedatives, or alcohol — amplifying health risks. Phase 3: Exol-5 – The Current Threat (2024–2026) Exol-5 (Benzhexol Hydrochloride / Trihexyphenidyl 5mg), originally a prescription medication for Parkinson’s disease and drug-induced movement disorders, has become the latest pharmaceutical being heavily abused. Why Exol-5? Euphoric Effects: Users report intense euphoria, hallucinations, and a sense of detachment — making it attractive as a cheap “upper” or escape. Accessibility: Sold over-the-counter or on the black market despite being a controlled prescription drug. NDLEA has seized millions of pills in single operations (e.g., 3.1 million pills in Kano in late 2024, and over 5.6 million combined with Tramadol in other busts). Street Names: Exol, Artane, Benzhexol, “Farin Mallam” (in Northern Nigeria). Demographics: Prevalent among youths, laborers, and even psychiatric patients who divert prescriptions. Studies show abuse rates as high as 25% among certain outpatient groups. Health Consequences: Anticholinergic toxicity: Confusion, dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention, constipation, and in high doses — delirium, psychosis, seizures, and heart issues. Long-term: Cognitive impairment, addiction, exacerbated mental health disorders. Often mixed with Tramadol, codeine, or cannabis, creating dangerous synergies. In cities like Jos, Exol-5 sits alongside diazepam, Rohypnol, and Tramadol on street markets, easily available to teenagers and young adults. Why This Evolution Continues Supply-Side Failures: Porous borders, corrupt officials, and overproduction of pharmaceuticals enable diversion. Demand Drivers: Unemployment, poverty, peer pressure, trauma, and the pursuit of performance enhancement (e.g., for “hustle” culture). Weak Regulation: Many pharmacies sell restricted drugs without prescriptions. Online and street vendors fill gaps. Displacement Effect: Cracking down on one substance (Tramadol/codeine) pushes users and dealers toward the next available option. NDLEA reports ongoing large seizures, but the problem persists due to high profitability and low risk for mid-level distributors. Broader Impacts on Nigerian Youths Education: Increased dropout rates and poor academic performance. Mental Health: Rising cases of psychosis and depression. Economy: Lost productivity among the working-age population. Crime and Violence: Drug-fueled robberies, cultism, and family breakdowns. Public Health System Strain: Overburdened hospitals treating overdoses and chronic complications. Young people aged 15–39 remain the hardest hit, with national surveys showing drug use prevalence significantly above global averages. What Must Be Done Stronger Enforcement: Consistent prosecution of corrupt enablers and large-scale traffickers. Regulation: Crackdown on rogue pharmacies and better tracking of prescription drugs. Prevention & Rehabilitation: School programs, community outreach, and expanded treatment centers (currently woefully inadequate). Economic Alternatives: Address root causes like youth unemployment. Public Awareness: Honest campaigns highlighting real dangers of “Exol-5” and similar drugs. Conclusion From Tramadol’s opioid grip to “Canadian” cannabis culture and now Exol-5’s anticholinergic highs, Nigeria’s drug crisis is mutating faster than responses can contain it. Exol-5 represents the dangerous new frontier — a legitimate medicine turned youth destroyer due to misuse and greed. Without urgent, multi-layered intervention — combining supply disruption, demand reduction, and socioeconomic support — an entire generation risks being lost to addiction. The time for half-measures is over. Nigeria’s future depends on winning this fight.